CodeXpace

This segment will be about Geometries, Routing Algorithms, Bootstrapping of Structured overlay. Structured P2P overlay A network overlay that connects nodes using a particular data structure or protocol to ensure that node lookup or data discovery is determinsitic. Distributed Hash Table(DHT)x A DHT that stores (key, value) pairs and is used for data lookups using a key. Key Based Routing The principle by which a message is routed to the owner of a key k from node n following the principle that either the node n owns the key or points to a node that is closed to a node that owns k terms of some key space defined by the DHT. Routing Table Data Structure, usually a table, at nodes that maintain links to other nodes in the structure. Churn Rate of node joins and leaves in a peer-to-peer network. Basic Features of Structured P2P Networks One way to understand the structured P2P overlays/networks and to compare various aspects include the geometries or data structures used i

Client Server Architecture In this Architecture, many clients request and receives from the servers. All the content and services are stored and provided by a server. Such centralization of the client-server architecture raises a series of issues which are caused by the limitation of resources at server side, such as network bandwidth, CPU capabilities, Input/Output(IO) speed and storage space. Grid Architecture Grid computing is rapidly emerging from the scientific and academic area to the industrial and commercial world. Current Grid computing systems are promminent implementations of client-server architecture for distributed computing. Main focus of Grid architecture is on interoperability among resource providers and users in order to establish the sharing relationship which needs common protocols at each layer of architecture. Peer to Peer Architecture P2P networks are decentralised distributed systems and enable computers to share and integrate their computing res

Peer to Peer Systems 1. Overview of Peer to Peer Systems 2. Client-Server To Peer-to-Peer Systems 3. Structured Peer-to-Peer Systems

This Segment we will explore the Peer to Peer systems. Napster featured a hybrid architecture in which the directory was stored on a server but peers directly transferred files between them. Applications : Number of peer-to-peer file sharing systems were developed to avoid legal challenges faced by Napster. The Majority of those second-generation file sharing systems were based on unstructured overlays. These systems dont any mechanisms for protecting the rights of content owners. Skype uses a superpeer model, and the superpeers support NAT traversal for connecting peers behind NATs. Characteristics found in most P2P systems: - RESOURCE SHARING - NETWORKED - DECENTRALIZATION - SYMMETRY - AUTONOMY - SCALABLE - STABILITY Within a maximum churn rate, the P2P system should be stable, i.e, it should maintain its connected graph and be able to route deterministically within a practical hop-count bounds. Exact number of nodes or peers that leaves / joins p2p network through