This Segment we will explore the Peer to Peer systems. Napster featured a hybrid architecture in which the directory was stored on a server but peers directly transferred files between them. Applications : Number of peer-to-peer file sharing systems were developed to avoid legal challenges faced by Napster. The Majority of those second-generation file sharing systems were based on unstructured overlays. These systems dont any mechanisms for protecting the rights of content owners. Skype uses a superpeer model, and the superpeers support NAT traversal for connecting peers behind NATs. Characteristics found in most P2P systems: - RESOURCE SHARING - NETWORKED - DECENTRALIZATION - SYMMETRY - AUTONOMY - SCALABLE - STABILITY Within a maximum churn rate, the P2P system should be stable, i.e, it should maintain its connected graph and be able to route deterministically within a practical hop-count bounds. Exact number of nodes or peers that leaves / joins p2p network through ...